FR25: Environmental Problems and Solutions
Pollution, recycling, climate change; environmental vocabulary; il faut + infinitive; solutions
Pollution, recycling, climate change; environmental vocabulary; il faut + infinitive; solutions
Pollution, recycling, climate change; environmental vocabulary; il faut + infinitive; solutions
For Environmental Problems and Solutions, you must know:
Q1: Write 4 sentences in French about environmental problems and solutions.
Q2: Write a paragraph (40-60 words) giving your opinion on environmental problems and solutions.
Q3: Translate into French: "I think environmental problems and solutions is important because..."
Students often use the wrong preposition with il y a. Wrong: Il y a un cinéma dans mon ville. Correct: Il y a un cinéma dans ma ville (dans + feminine = dans ma, not dans mon). Students also forget to use de instead of du/de la/des after negation. Wrong: Il n'y a pas du parc. Correct: Il n'y a pas de parc.
Writing task: Write about pollution, recycling, climate change; environmental vocabulary; il faut + infinitive; solutions.
A grade 9 answer will: use at least three tenses accurately; include complex structures (subordinate clauses, pronouns, negation); show precise grammar (agreement, conjugation, spelling); express and justify opinions; include cultural knowledge; use a wide range of vocabulary; be well-organised with connecting words (cependant, en revanche, de plus, en conclusion).
Mark scheme: Content (relevance and detail) + Quality of language (accuracy and range) = total marks
AO1 — Knowledge: Show understanding of Environmental Problems and Solutions by demonstrating accurate vocabulary and grammatical structures in the target language.
AO2 — Application: Apply your knowledge of Environmental Problems and Solutions to understand and produce language in listening, reading, speaking and writing contexts.
AO3 — Analysis & Evaluation: Analyse and evaluate linguistic features related to Environmental Problems and Solutions, demonstrating critical awareness of meaning, context and cultural references.
Environmental vocabulary: l'environnement (the environment), le réchauffement climatique (global warming), le changement climatique (climate change), la pollution (pollution), la pollution de l'air (air pollution), la pollution de l'eau (water pollution), les déchets (waste/rubbish), le recyclage (recycling), la déforestation (deforestation), les énergies renouvelables (renewable energy), le développement durable (sustainable development).
France faces specific environmental challenges. La pollution de l'air is a serious problem in Paris and Lyon — la circulation alternée (alternate-day driving restrictions) is sometimes imposed during pollution peaks. Les ZFE (Zones à Faibles Émissions — low-emission zones) restrict the most polluting vehicles from city centres. Le réchauffement climatique is causing more frequent les canicules (heatwaves) — the 2003 heatwave killed over 15,000 people in France, and summers have become increasingly hot since.
Discuss environmental problems using impersonal structures: Il est clair que le réchauffement climatique est un problème grave. Il faut agir maintenant. La pollution de l'air est dangereuse pour la santé. Use the conditional for suggestions: On devrait réduire les émissions de CO₂. Il vaudrait mieux utiliser les transports en commun.
Le réchauffement climatique est un problème grave en France. Les canicules sont de plus en plus fréquentes et la pollution de l'air affecte les grandes villes. Il faut agir maintenant! — Global warming is a serious problem in France. Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and air pollution affects major cities. We must act now!
France has implemented significant environmental policies. L'Accord de Paris (2015) — the landmark international climate agreement — was signed at le Bourget. France aims to be carbon neutre (carbon neutral) by 2050. La loi Climat et Résilience (2021) banned short domestic flights where train alternatives under 2.5 hours exist, restricted les terrasses chauffées (heated terraces), and made le délit d'écocide (ecocide offence) a crime.
Le tri sélectif (sorting recycling) is mandatory in France — households sort waste into le bac jaune (yellow bin for plastics/paper), le bac vert (green bin for glass), and le bac gris/marron (grey/brown bin for general waste). Many towns also have les composteurs (compost bins). La consigne (deposit-return scheme for bottles) is being reintroduced. France banned les pailles en plastique (plastic straws) and les sacs à usage unique (single-use bags) in 2016.
Express solutions: Pour protéger l'environnement, il faut recycler, utiliser les transports en commun et réduire la consommation d'énergie. On devrait aussi privilégier les produits locaux et de saison.
La France a signé l'Accord de Paris en 2015 et vise la neutralité carbone en 2050. Le tri sélectif est obligatoire et les sacs plastiques sont interdits depuis 2016. — France signed the Paris Agreement in 2015 and aims for carbon neutrality by 2050. Sorting recycling is compulsory and plastic bags have been banned since 2016.
Environmental challenges and solutions vary across the francophone world. In Sénégal, la sécheresse (drought) and la désertification (desertification) are critical — the Sahel region is losing arable land as the desert advances. The Grande Muraille Verte (Great Green Wall) is an African initiative to plant a belt of trees across the Sahel to combat desertification. Les inondations (flooding) also threaten Dakar during the rainy season.
In Québec, les changements climatiques are causing la fonte des glaces (melting ice) and threatening traditional le mode de vie autochtone (Indigenous way of life). The plan d'électrification aims to reduce reliance on fossil fuels — Québec already generates 99% of its electricity from l'hydroélectricité (hydroelectric power). In Belgium, la circulation alternée is used during pollution peaks in Brussels, and the country is investing in les vélos (cycling) infrastructure.
Compare approaches: Tandis qu'en France, on interdit les vols courts domestiques, au Québec, on investit dans l'hydroélectricité. Au Sénégal, la Grande Muraille Verte combat la désertification. Chaque pays francophone fait face à des défis différents.
Au Sénégal, la Grande Muraille Verte combat la désertification du Sahel. Au Québec, 99% de l'électricité vient de l'hydroélectricité. Chaque pays a ses propres solutions environnementales. — In Sénégal, the Great Green Wall combats desertification in the Sahel. In Québec, 99% of electricity comes from hydroelectricity. Each country has its own environmental solutions.
| Français | English | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| le réchauffement climatique | global warming | Le réchauffement climatique est urgent — Global warming is urgent |
| la pollution | pollution | La pollution de l'air est grave — Air pollution is serious |
| le recyclage / le tri sélectif | recycling / waste sorting | Le tri sélectif est obligatoire — Waste sorting is compulsory |
| les énergies renouvelables | renewable energy | Les énergies renouvelables sont l'avenir — Renewable energy is the future |
| l'Accord de Paris | Paris Agreement (2015) | L'Accord de Paris a été signé en 2015 — The Paris Agreement was signed in 2015 |
| la canicule | heatwave | Les canicules sont plus fréquentes — Heatwaves are more frequent |
| la Grande Muraille Verte | Great Green Wall (Africa) | La Grande Muraille Verte combat la désertification — The Great Green Wall combats desertification |
| l'hydroélectricité (f) | hydroelectricity | Le Québec produit 99% d'hydroélectricité — Québec produces 99% hydroelectricity |
| le développement durable | sustainable development | Le développement durable est essentiel — Sustainable development is essential |
| la désertification | desertification | La désertification menace le Sahel — Desertification threatens the Sahel |
| carbon neutre | carbon neutral | La France vise carbon neutre en 2050 — France aims for carbon neutral by 2050 |
| le délit d'écocide | ecocide offence | L'écocide est maintenant un délit — Ecocide is now an offence |
Q4: Quels sont les problèmes environnementaux les plus graves en France et que fait-on pour les résoudre? (What are the most serious environmental problems in France and what is being done to solve them?)
Q5: Comparez les défis environnementaux en France et dans un pays francophone. (Compare environmental challenges in France and a francophone country.)
Get the best revision books and guides to boost your grades.